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1. The entropy of the universe

A. Always increases B. Remains constant C. Can increase or decrease D. Always decreases

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2. Which process increases the entropy of a system?

A. Sublimation B. Deposition C. Condensation D. Freezing

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3. The first law of thermodynamics is a statement of

A. Conservation of momentum B. Conservation of energy C. Conservation of charge D. Conservation of mass

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4. Which of the following expressions represents work done in an isothermal reversible expansion?

A. w = -PΔV B. w = P(V2 - V1) C. w = nRT ln(V2/V1) D. w = nRT ln(V1/V2)

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5. The heat capacity at constant volume is given by

A. Cv = (∂U/∂T)_v B. Cp = (∂U/∂T)_p C. Cp = (∂H/∂T)_p D. Cv = (∂H/∂T)_v

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6. The heat of vaporization of water is an example of

A. ΔH B. ΔG C. ΔU D. ΔS

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7. Which of the following is not a state function?

A. Work B. Entropy C. Internal energy D. Enthalpy

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8. In an adiabatic process, the heat transfer is

A. Zero B. Negative C. Infinite D. Positive

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9. The relationship between equilibrium constant (K) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG) is

A. ΔG = -RT ln(K) B. ΔG = RT ln(K) C. ΔG = -K ln(RT) D. ΔG = K ln(RT)

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10. The work done in an isothermal expansion of an ideal gas is proportional to

A. P2 - P1 B. V2 - V1 C. ΔU D. ln(V2/V1)

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11. The entropy of the universe always

A. Decreases B. Increases C. Remains constant D. Is zero

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12. The heat change at constant volume is equal to

A. ΔH B. ΔU C. ΔS D. ΔG

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13. The work done in a free expansion process is

A. Infinite B. Positive C. Zero D. Negative

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14. The Helmholtz free energy is defined as

A. F = H + TS B. F = U + TS C. F = U - TS D. F = H - TS

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15. For a system at equilibrium, the change in entropy of the universe is

A. Infinite B. Zero C. Negative D. Positive

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16. The heat capacity at constant pressure is related to enthalpy by

A. Cp = (∂H/∂T)_p B. Cp = (∂U/∂T)_p C. Cp = (∂G/∂T)_p D. Cp = (∂S/∂T)_p

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17. Which of the following quantities is always positive for a spontaneous process?

A. ΔU B. ΔH C. ΔG D. ΔS_universe

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18. The change in internal energy in an isothermal process is

A. Negative B. Positive C. Infinite D. Zero

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19. The standard Gibbs free energy change is related to equilibrium constant K by

A. ΔG° = RT ln(K) B. ΔG° = -RT ln(K) C. ΔG° = -K ln(RT) D. ΔG° = K ln(RT)

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20. The relationship between enthalpy and internal energy is

A. H = U × PV B. H = U - PV C. H = U + PV D. H = U/PV