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1. The value of the equilibrium constant for a reaction is affected by

A. Temperature B. Pressure C. Catalyst D. Concentration

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2. The pH of a neutral solution at 25°C is

A. 0 B. 14 C. 7 D. 1

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3. Le Chatelier's principle predicts the effect of

A. Only temperature changes B. Only concentration changes C. Temperature, pressure, and concentration changes D. Only pressure changes

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4. For a reversible reaction, the state of equilibrium is achieved when

A. The reaction stops B. The concentration of products becomes zero C. The concentration of reactants becomes zero D. The rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the backward reaction

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5. The pH of a 10^-8 M HCl solution is approximately

A. 6.96 B. 7 C. 7.04 D. 8

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6. The solubility of AgCl increases in the presence of

A. NH3 B. NaCl C. HCl D. KCl

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7. Which of the following statements is true for a buffer solution?

A. It resists changes in pH B. It increases the reaction rate C. It decreases the reaction rate D. It is always neutral

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8. A strong acid is one which

A. Has a high pKa value B. Dissociates completely in water C. Forms a weak conjugate base D. Has a high molecular weight

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9. The pKa of acetic acid is 4.76. What is the pH of a buffer containing 0.1 M acetic acid and 0.1 M sodium acetate?

A. 7 B. 6 C. 5 D. 4.76

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10. The equilibrium constant for a reaction depends on

A. Volume B. Temperature C. Pressure D. Concentration

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11. The equilibrium constant Kp is related to Kc by

A. Kp = Kc × RT B. Kp = Kc / (RT)^Δn C. Kp = Kc / RT D. Kp = Kc × (RT)^Δn

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12. Which of the following pairs acts as a buffer solution?

A. NH3 and NH4Cl B. H2SO4 and Na2SO4 C. HCl and NaCl D. NaOH and NaCl

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13. The common ion effect is observed in

A. Solutions of strong bases B. Neutral solutions C. Solutions of weak acids and their salts D. Solutions of strong acids

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14. If Qc < Kc for a reaction, then

A. The backward reaction is favored B. The forward reaction is favored C. No reaction occurs D. The reaction is at equilibrium

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15. The common ion effect is observed when

A. Two solutions with the same ion are mixed B. A strong acid is added to a strong base C. A strong acid and its salt are present D. A weak acid and its salt are present

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16. The solubility product (Ksp) of a salt is

A. The difference of the molar concentrations of ions B. The product of the molar concentrations of ions raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients C. The sum of the molar concentrations of ions D. The product of the molar concentrations of ions raised to the power of 2

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17. A basic buffer contains

A. Strong acid and strong base B. Weak acid and its salt C. Weak base and its salt D. Strong base and salt of a weak acid

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18. If the concentration of H+ ions in a solution is 10^-8 M, the pH of the solution is

A. 7.04 B. 7 C. 6.96 D. 8

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19. Which of the following is an acidic buffer?

A. NH3 and NH4Cl B. NaOH and NaCl C. CH3COOH and CH3COONa D. HCl and NaCl

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20. A solution is said to be saturated when

A. The solution becomes cloudy B. The solution forms a precipitate C. No more solute can dissolve at a given temperature D. The solute and solvent are immiscible