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1. The first law of thermodynamics is mathematically expressed as

A. ΔU = Q - W B. Q = ΔU + W C. ΔU = W - Q D. Both A and B

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2. In an adiabatic process, the heat exchanged is

A. Positive B. Negative C. Zero D. Depends on the process

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3. The work done by an ideal gas during an isothermal expansion depends on

A. Initial and final pressures B. Initial and final volumes C. Change in temperature D. Change in entropy

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4. For an ideal gas, which of the following is true in an isochoric process

A. ΔQ = ΔU B. ΔU = 0 C. ΔQ = W D. W = ΔU

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5. In a cyclic process, the net change in internal energy is

A. Zero B. Positive C. Negative D. Infinity

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6. A Carnot engine works between temperatures T1 and T2. Its efficiency is given by

A. 1 - T2/T1 B. T2/T1 C. 1 - T1/T2 D. T1/T2

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7. The heat absorbed or released in an isothermal process is equal to

A. Work done by or on the gas B. Change in internal energy C. Zero D. Depends on pressure

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8. The adiabatic equation for an ideal gas is

A. PV = constant B. PV^γ = constant C. T/P = constant D. TV = constant

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9. Entropy is a measure of

A. Energy B. Work C. Orderliness D. Disorderliness

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10. Which of the following is correct for a reversible process

A. It is isothermal only B. It is adiabatic only C. System and surroundings remain in equilibrium D. Entropy always decreases

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11. The value of γ (Cp/Cv) for a monoatomic gas is

A. 5/3 B. 7/5 C. 1.4 D. 1.6

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12. An ideal gas is compressed adiabatically. During this process

A. Its pressure and temperature increase B. Its pressure increases but temperature decreases C. Its temperature increases but pressure decreases D. Its pressure and temperature decrease

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13. If a system absorbs 500 J of heat and does 200 J of work, the change in internal energy is

A. 300 J B. 500 J C. 200 J D. 700 J

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14. The temperature of a Carnot engine’s sink is 300 K, and the efficiency is 40%. The source temperature is

A. 300 K B. 500 K C. 400 K D. 450 K

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15. The change in internal energy for an isothermal process is

A. Zero B. Positive C. Negative D. Infinity

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16. Which process is most likely to result in maximum work

A. Adiabatic B. Isothermal C. Isochoric D. Cyclic

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17. The process in which the system returns to its original state is called

A. Adiabatic process B. Cyclic process C. Isothermal process D. Isochoric process

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18. The SI unit of entropy is

A. Joule B. Joule per Kelvin C. Watt D. Newton per Kelvin

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19. The specific heat capacity of an ideal gas during an isochoric process is

A. Cp B. Cv C. Infinity D. Zero

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20. In an adiabatic process, the relation between P and T is

A. P/T = constant B. P^(1 - γ)/T = constant C. P^(1/γ)/T = constant D. P^(γ)/T^(γ-1) = constant