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1. The uncertainty in a measurement can be reduced by

A. Increasing the number of measurements B. Using a less precise instrument C. Reducing the sample size D. Ignoring random errors

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2. The systematic error in an experiment can be minimized by

A. Proper calibration of instruments B. Using an uncalibrated instrument C. Increasing the number of measurements D. Changing the experimental conditions

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3. Which of the following is used to measure the diameter of a thin wire?

A. Micrometer screw gauge B. Vernier caliper C. Meter scale D. Thermometer

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4. The least count of an instrument refers to

A. The smallest quantity that can be measured accurately B. The maximum measurable quantity C. The error in the measurement D. The resolution of the instrument

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5. In an experiment, if repeated measurements give the same result, the measurements are said to be

A. Accurate B. Precise C. Systematic D. Random

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6. The accuracy of an instrument is determined by

A. The ability to provide results close to the true value B. The smallest division on the scale C. The range of measurements D. The speed of measurement

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7. Which of the following is a method to reduce parallax error in measurements?

A. Using a mirror scale B. Using a pointer scale C. Using a digital instrument D. All of the above

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8. In a scientific experiment, a random error can be reduced by

A. Taking multiple readings and averaging them B. Changing the experimental setup C. Ignoring the error D. Increasing the sample size

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9. The zero error in an instrument can be eliminated by

A. Calibrating the instrument properly B. Relying on the measurement only C. Changing the measuring technique D. Increasing the resolution

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10. The precision of a measurement is defined as

A. The closeness of measurements to each other B. The closeness of measurements to the true value C. The range of values measured D. The maximum error in measurement

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11. Which of the following types of error is caused by the instrument itself?

A. Instrumental error B. Random error C. Human error D. Systematic error

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12. In an experiment, the error caused by the observer’s reaction time is called

A. Parallax error B. Personal error C. Instrumental error D. Systematic error

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13. To measure the resistance of a component, which of the following instruments is most suitable?

A. Voltmeter and Ammeter B. Thermometer and Ammeter C. Micrometer and Ammeter D. Vernier Caliper and Ammeter

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14. The least count of a Vernier caliper is

A. The smallest length that can be measured accurately B. The difference between the main scale and Vernier scale reading C. The total length measured by the instrument D. The distance between two adjacent divisions on the main scale

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15. The error introduced by improper calibration of an instrument is classified as

A. Systematic error B. Random error C. Zero error D. Human error

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16. Which of the following methods can reduce human error in a measurement?

A. Using an automated device B. Increasing the number of observers C. Taking a single reading D. Changing the measurement tool

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17. In an experiment, the random error can be attributed to

A. Fluctuations in environmental conditions B. Faulty instruments C. Improper reading of the scale D. Improper calibration of instruments

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18. In an experiment, which of the following will help to minimize error due to heat dissipation?

A. Using a well-insulated setup B. Increasing the time of measurement C. Increasing the sample size D. Changing the equipment

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19. Which of the following is true regarding a systematic error?

A. It is always of the same magnitude and sign B. It varies randomly with each measurement C. It can be easily corrected by averaging multiple readings D. It has no effect on the accuracy of the results

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20. In an experiment, if the zero of an instrument is not properly aligned, it leads to

A. Zero error B. Random error C. Systematic error D. Human error